Like web design, application design projects can be really diverse, however the approach to creating and completing them doesn't have to be.
In regards to my application design work, I tend to focus on two main areas, web/IT applications and both IT and non-IT applications for business efficiencies.
In a nutshell, web/IT application design is intended to improve existing or integrate new features into existing frameworks. Examples include user focused solutions like customer service improvements or helpful features; or internal solutions such as accountability enhancements or training programs.
Essentially business applications also relate to the customer or internal business but may only involve online methods partially or not at all.
Business applications for customers could include improvements to product delivery or increased methods of communication. Concepts for internal business applications could range anywhere from logo redesign to full creation of training programs.
What I've found interesting is the common theme and process to exploring and solving needs for both application types. Regardless if the need is on or off-line the following steps for good preparation and follow through can be applied universally.
For brevity, this obviously is a pretty short and simple list, but should be enough to get you started. Once you have answers to these basic questions, go ahead and contact me. I'd be happy to review and send you several more specific questions and comments.